Language

Himalayan Language communities, research, database, etc. "For many communities around the world, the transmission of [|oral literature] from one generation to the next lies at the heart of cultural practice. Local languages act as vehicles for the transmission of unique cultural knowledge, but the oral traditions encoded within these languages become threatened when elders die and livelihoods are disrupted. These creative works are increasingly endangered as globalisation and rapid socio-economic change exert complex pressures on smaller communities, often eroding expressive diversity and transforming culture through assimilation to more dominant ways of life. Of the world’s living languages, currently numbering over 6,000, around half will cease to be spoken by the end of this century." [] [] []

"Within one family, it is quite common to find a monolingual T grandparent living in the same household as their middle-aged child who is bilingual in T and N, alongside grandchildren enrolled in a government village school who speak only N." Turin CAM Issue 59, 2010, p. 23